The Marshall Islands adopted Economic Substance Regulations applicable from the 1st January 2019. However it is interesting to note that:

• it applies strictly to relevant activities (distribution and service center business, financing and leasing business, 总部业务, holding company business, 知识产权业务, 海运业务, 银行业务, and insurance business)
• holding company business is defined as pure equity holding company
• a pure equity holding company is subject to a reduced economic substance test
• the entities must provide the relevant information if requested by the Registrar
• it seems to apply to Master Series LLC only (and not each Series)
• an entity does not have to satisfy the economic substance requirement if the entity can claim tax residence elsewhere.